Understanding Sewage Backups Causes and Effects

Causes of Sewage Backups

Sewage backups occur when wastewater cannot flow freely through the plumbing system. This can be caused by various factors, including:

Clogged pipes: Fats, oils, grease, and other debris can accumulate in pipes over time, gradually narrowing the passageway and eventually causing a blockage.
Tree roots: Tree roots can grow into sewer lines, penetrating the pipes and disrupting the flow of wastewater.
Damaged pipes: Broken or cracked pipes can allow wastewater to leak out, creating a backup. This damage can result from aging infrastructure, ground movement, or improper installation.
Heavy rainfall: During periods of heavy rain, excessive stormwater can enter the sewer system, overwhelming its capacity and causing backups.

Effects of Sewage Backups

Sewage backups can have detrimental consequences for both property and health:

Property damage: Sewage backups can cause extensive damage to floors, walls, furniture, and appliances. They can also lead to corrosion and structural weakening of the affected areas.
Health risks: Raw sewage contains harmful bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can pose a serious health hazard. Exposure to contaminated water can result in skin infections, gastrointestinal illnesses, and other health problems.
Environmental contamination: Untreated sewage can pollute both surface water and groundwater, harming aquatic life and posing a threat to human health.

Why is Sewer Backing Up in the House?

In most cases, sewage backups in homes occur because of issues within the property’s own plumbing system:

Blocked main sewer line: If the main sewer line to the street is obstructed, wastewater cannot drain properly from the house, causing backup into the home’s plumbing.
Clogged drain line: A specific drain line within the house may become blocked due to debris buildup or a foreign object, resulting in wastewater rising back into the fixtures.
Vent stack issues: A vent stack provides air to the plumbing system, allowing gases to escape and preventing pressure buildup. If the vent stack becomes blocked or damaged, it can lead to sewage backups.
Septic tank problems: For homes with septic systems, backups can occur if the tank is full, the drain field is clogged, or there are other issues with the system.
Improperly connected appliances: Washing machines, dishwashers, and other appliances that drain into the plumbing system should be properly connected to avoid causing backups.